Lesson 17
Always young
青春常驻
【New words and expressions】 生词和短语

★appear v. 登场，扮演
appear：显示，露面≠disappear(都是不及物动词）
The plane disappeared.
The plane appeared.
The actor appeared.
appear as：扮演...角色
He appeared as a prince.
on the stage;在舞台上
appear on the stage as....
My aunt appeared on the stage as young girl.
I work as a teacher.
She worked as a nurse.
appear：露面，显得
He appears nervous.
He appears happy.
I appears tired.

★stage n. 舞台
on the stage：在舞台上
in the stage：在某一阶段

★bright adj. 鲜艳的
bright red：鲜红色
bright yellow：明黄色
bright blue：宝蓝色

★stocking n. （女用）长筒袜

★sock n. 短袜

First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why doesn't Aunt Jennifer tell anyone how old she is?

My aunt Jennifer is an actress. She must be at least thirty-five years old. In spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl. Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon. This time, she will be a girl of seventeen. In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings. Last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress. If anyone ever asks her how old she is, she always answers, 'Darling, it must be terrible to be grown up!'


参考译文

我的姑姑詹妮弗是位演员，她至少也有35岁了。尽管如此，她却常在舞台上扮演小姑娘。詹妮弗很快又要参加一个新剧的演出。这一次，她将扮演一个17岁的少女。演出时她必须穿一条鲜红色的裙子和黑色的长筒袜。去年在演另一个剧时，她不得不穿短袜和一件鲜艳的橘红色的衣服。一旦有人问起她有多大年纪，她总是回答：“亲爱的，长成大人真可怕啊！”

【课文讲解】

actress：女演员
actor：男演员
以-or,-er结尾的，是男性
以-ress结尾的，是女性
waiter：男服务员
waitress：女服务员
prince：王子
princess：公主
god：神　　（God：上帝）
goddess：女神
lion：公狮子
lioness：母狮子
doctor：男医生
woman doctor：女医生
thirty-five years old：三十五岁
must be
must + 动词原形：＂不得不，必须：（对现在的）推测＂
least……little的最高级＂至少，最少＂
at most……＂最多＂
She is fifteen years old.
She must be fifteen years old.
She must be at most fifteen years old.
She must be at least fifteen years old.
She must be a model.
in spite of：尽管
in spite of this：尽管如此
In spite of this,I still like school.
join:参加了某一种团体
take part in :参加某一种活动
attend：出席
　　join the army：参军
　　join the party：入党
　　join us:(口)加入我们中来
　　join sb./sth.
take part in the race：参加比赛
　　take part in a play
take part in the party
attend meeting：参加会议，出席会议
　　attend the party：出席宴会
　　attend class：上课
This time：这一次
a girl of seventeen
She is eighteen years old.
She is a girl of eighteen.
She is a old man of sixty.
must do：必须做 ＝have to; 推测
in……（介词）穿着...样的衣服　（＋颜色、衣服）
用介词短语取代动词，避免了一句话中出现两个动词
The boy in green.
in a bright red dress：鲜红色的连衣裙
long black stocking：长的黑色长筒袜
last year in another play（表示扮演过很多的角色）
had to：必须（不能加介词，＋动词原形）
bright,orange-coloured dress：鲜艳的桔黄色衣服
ever==at any time：任何时候（时间副词）
it must be：一定（推测）
must +原形……对现在的推测
it……形式主语，用不定式做真正的主语
grown up：（形容词短语）成年人
grow up：（人）成长
　　be a grown-up：作为一个成年人
must be thirty-five years old
It is a secret/privacy.
I forget it.

【Key structures】
Must的用法：
Must+原形……(1)＝have to＂不得不，必须＂
　　　　　　 (2)（对现在的）推测
在过去时的句子中，要用have to 来表示＂必须＂
have to……可以有任意时态
She will have to...
She had to...
She has to...
She has/I have had to...
have to……作为实义动词，否定式为don't have to
will not have to
didn't have to
对现在的推测：must do
对过去的推测：must have done
在 I think.he thinks...的从句中，一定要用事实说话。

（３）...b...
in one's opinion=I think　"就某人看来＂
　
【Special difficulties】

(a) As:
As a young girl...(介词)"作为"
As I learned,...(代词)＂正如＂
　As I am busy==because＂由于＂
As I was leaving the house...==when＂当...时＂
　Do as you are told. as……方式状语从句的引导词
　I work as...＂作为...工作＂

(b) Dress,Suit,Costume:
dress：＂裙子，晚礼服，连衣裙＂（女式）
suit：＂套装＂（男式）
costume：＂演出服，民族服装，某一年代所穿的服装＂

(c)Grow,Grow up：
　　grow：＂长＂
grow up：＂生长，成长＂（指人）

Exercises B. Choose the correct words in the following sentences:
(1)...grow...
(2)...suit...
(3)...costume...
fancy-dress-party：化妆舞会
　 hire：雇，租
(4)...dress...
Must:推测；必须＝have to

【Multiple choice questions】

(1)...d...
suggest：暗示
right age：适合的年龄
too...to...：太...以至于不能

(2)...b...
She must be...推测
　 exactly:(副词) 确切地　　　exact words

(7)...
it is + a.+to do... 形式主语＂某人做某件事情..."
It is troublesome to learn English.
　 It is troublesome for us to learn English.
(for sb.)为逻辑主语
　 have to do =...is necessary
You have to go home.=It is necessary for you to go home.

(8).....
appear：扮演
　 seems：看起来，似乎
　 be on show：展览，演出
show：显示，给...看
　 be presented：出席 √
　 be present：出席(≠be absent：缺席)

(11)...a...
instead of：代替
sock：短袜
either...or...：或者...或者
stocking：长筒袜（女用）
neither...nor...：即不...也不...

in stead of 后面的词，往往是没做或不做的事情

(12)....d...
grown up：成年人（的）
　　grow up；成长
　　adolescent：青春期的(13-16岁) adolescent criminal：青春期犯罪
　　teenager：十几岁的人(10-20岁)
adult：成年人