Lesson Fifteen

TEXT A

Touched by the Moon Nirmal Gbosb

Pre-class Work I

Read the text once for the main idea. Do not refer to the notes, dictionaries or the glossary.

Driving to a friend's house on a recent evening, I was awe-struck by the sight of the full moon rising just above Manila's rooftops, huge and swollen, yellow through the dust and smoke of the city. I stopped to watch it for a few moments, reflecting on what a pity it was that most city dwellers—myself included—usually miss sights like this because we spend most of our lives indoors.
My friend had also seen it. He grew up living in a forest in Europe, and the moon meant a lot to him then. It had touched many aspects of his life, including those concerning his ordinary daily life. For example, when he had to make sure that he had his torch with him when he was outside in the evening, or when the moon was due to rise late or was at its newest—a bright, distant sliver of white like a chink of light below a door in the sky.
I know the feeling. Last December I took my seven-year-old daughter to the mountainous jungle of northern India with some friends. We stayed in a forest rest-house with no electricity or running hot water. Our group had campfires outside every night, and indoors when it was too cold outside. The moon grew to its fullest during our trip. At Binsar, 7, 500 feet up in the Kumaon hills, I can remember going out at 10 pm and seeing the great Nanda Devil mountain like a ghost on the horizon, gleaming white in the moonlight and flanked by Trishul, the mountain considered holy by Hindus. Between me and the high mountains lay three or four valleys. Not a light shone in them and not a sound could be heard. It was one of the quietest places I have ever known, a bottomless well of silence. And above me was the full moon.
On the same trip, further down by the plains, we stayed in village style clay huts at the edge of a wheat field, with a cold river tumbling over rocks a few yards away. Late at night, underneath the full moon, everything seemed bathed in a quiet supernatural light, and we could see the stones in the river, and watch the deer and antelope crossing, almost half a kilometre away.
I also remember sitting on the beach at San Antonio in Zambales, one night in the Philippines about two years ago, watching the South China Sea hiss against the sand. The full moon rose and hung over the sea like a huge lantern in the sky. I felt as if I could walk up and touch it.
Last summer, on another trip, I met the caretaker of a rest-house at Chitkul, 11,000 feet above the plains at the top end of the Sangla valley in the Indian Himalayas, two days' walk from Tibet. We sat in the sun looking at the scattering of stone-tiled roofs, and the stony valley climbing away between the mountains towards Tibet, leaving behind the small, struggling vegetable patches planted by the farmers and herders of this, the last village before the border. We were a thousand feet above the tree-line; every winter the place is covered with several feet of snow.
The caretaker was a local, an old man with the craggy face and thin beard typical of the high plateaus. He didn't have a watch or calendar—nobody in that village of less than 200 people had one. I asked him how he knew which month it was. He turned and pointed to the row of snow peaks towering above us across the valley. "When the morning sun falls first on that peak it is January," he said. "When it falls first on that second peak it is February, and on the third it is March and so on."
The cycles of the sun and moon are simple but gigantic forces which have shaped
human lives since the beginning. Wise men and women studied them not as scientists,
but as mystics; ancient communities worshipped them. Today so many of us miss this experience because we are inside cars or houses all the time. We have lost our sense
of wonder at the elements—our lives are full of forces that are so new and barely understood that we are confused shadows of what we should be.
Today our lives are defined by glass, concrete, metal, plastic and fibre-glass. We eat and breathe things our bodies were not designed to process. We have televisions, Xerox machines, cell phones, pagers, electricity, heaters and ovens and air-conditioners, cars, computers and remote controls. Energy flies around us. White noise and pollution is in the air. Radio waves and strange harsh lights are constantly drumming into our minds and bodies.
Struggling through traffic that evening in Manila at the end of a tiring day, most of it spent indoors, I saw the moon and remembered these things. And I thought: before long, I would like to live in a small cottage in the Himalayas. There I will grow vegetables and read books and walk in the mountains—and perhaps write, but not in anger. I may grow old there, and wear the bottoms of my trousers rolled and measure out my life in coffee spoons. But I will be able to walk outside on a cold silent night and touch the moon.

Read the text a second time. Learn the new words and expressions listed below.

Glossary

air-conditioner
n. a machine to keep air in a building cool or warm 空调机

antelope
n. 羚羊

awe-struck
adj. filled with a feeling of respect mixed with fear and wonder 敬畏的

bottomless
adj. very deep

calendar
n. a list of the days, weeks and months of a particular year 日历

campfire
n. a fire made outdoors by people who are camping 营火

caretaker
n. a person whose job is to look after a building such as a school; Here: a person who looks after the rest-house

chink
n. a narrow opening that lets light or air through 缝隙

clay
n. 瓷土；陶土

community
n. society and the people in it

computer
n. 电脑

concerning
prep.relating to; about

concrete
n. 混凝土

confuse
v. to make people feel that they can not think clearly or do not understand 使糊涂

constant
adj. going on all the time; without a break

cottage
n. a small house, especially in the country

craggy
adj. a ～ face: a face with many deep lines on it 饱经风霜的脸

cycle
n. a series of events taking place in a regularly repeated order 循环

deer
n. 鹿

define
v. 正确描述，下定义；Here: 具有某些特征

dweller
n. an inhabitant 居民；city ～ s : 城里人

fibre-glass
n. 玻璃纤维

flank
v. to be situated at the side of 位于……一侧

ghost
n. spirit of a dead person 幽灵

gigantic
adj. unusually large in size, amount or degree 巨大的

gleam
v. to shine softly 闪烁

harsh
adj. ～ light: unpleasant and too bright light

heater
n. a machine for making air or water warmer 热水器

herder
n. a person who looks after animals such as goats or cattle 牧民

Himalayas
n. the ～ : 喜马拉雅山脉

Hindu
n. 印度教徒

hiss
v. 嘶嘶作声

holy
adj. of God 神圣的

horizon
n. 地平线

hut
n. a small and simple house or shelter

indoors
adv. in a building or house

jungle
n. a forest in a hot area with many plants growing together（热带）丛林

lantern
n. 灯笼；提灯

Manila
n. 马尼拉（菲律宾首都）

moonlight
n. the light that comes from the moon at night

mountainous
adj. having many mountains 多山的

mystic
n. a person who tries to be united with God and through that, to reach truths beyond human understanding 神秘主义者

oven
n. a box-like thing in which food is cooked or heated 烤箱

pager
n. 携带式电子寻呼机

(the) Philippines
n. 菲律宾

plateau
n. a stretch of level land higher than the land around it 高原

pm
adv. afternoon (used after numbers expressing time)

remote
adj. far away in distance; ～ controls: 遥控器

rest-house
n. a house for the use of travelers, especially in areas where there are no hotels 客栈

rooftop
n. the top of the roof

shape
v. to form; to develop in a particular way

sliver
n. a small thin piece of something that has been broken off sth.

stone-tiled
adj. 以石作瓦的

stony
adj. covered by stones

style
n. 风格

supernatural
adj. impossible to explain by natural laws

swollen
adj. of an increased size, bigger than usual 膨胀的

Tibet
n. 西藏

torch
n. 火把；火炬

tumble
v. to flow in an uncontrolled way 翻滚

underneath
prep.directly under or below

worship
v. to show respect and love for a god 敬奉

Xerox machine
n. (Xerox is a brand name) 复印机

TEXT B

A Plea for Our Planet David and Severn Suzuki*

My 12-year-old daughter, Severn, attended the Rio ECO (Environmental Children's Organization) to "act as the conscience for grown-ups." The girls set up a booth at the Global Forum and gave talks that created much interest. Eventually Severn was invited to address a plenary session at the Earth Summit. Here is part of her speech.

"... We have come here to tell you adults you MUST change your ways of life. I have no hidden agenda. I am fighting for my future. Losing my future is not like losing an election or a few points on the stock market.
"I am here to speak for all generations yet to come. I am here to speak on behalf of the starving children around the world whose cries go unheard. I am here to speak for the countless animals dying across this planet because they have nowhere to go. We can't afford not to be heard.
"I am afraid to go out in the sun because of the hole in the ozone layer. I am afraid to breathe the air because I don't know what chemicals are in it. I used to go fishing in Vancouver with my dad until just a few years ago. We found the fish full of cancer. And now we hear about animals and plants going extinct every day, vanishing forever. I have dreamed of seeing the great herds of wild animals, jungles and rain forests full of birds and butterflies, but now I wonder if they will even exist for my children to see. Did you have to worry about these things when you were my age?
All this is happening before our eyes and yet we act as if we have all the time we want and all the solutions. I'm only a child and I don't have all the solutions, but I want you to realize, neither do you! You don't know how to fix holes in our ozone layer. You don't know how to bring salmon back up a dead stream. You don't know how to bring back an animal now extinct. And you can't bring back the forests that once grew where there is now a desert. If you don't know how to fix it, please stop breaking it!
"Here you may be delegates of your governments, business people, organizers, reporters or politicians. But really you are the mothers and fathers, brothers and sisters, aunts and uncles—and all of you are somebody's child.
"I'm only a child yet I know we are all part of a family, five billion strong; in fact, 30 million species strong and we all share the same air, water and soil. Borders and governments will never change that.
"I'm only a child, yet I know we are all in this together and should act as one single world towards one single goal... In my country, we make so much waste; we buy and throw away, buy and throw away... even when we have more than enough, we are afraid to lose some of our wealth, afraid to share.
"In Canada, we live the privileged life with plenty of food, water and shelter. We have watches, bicycles, computers and television sets. Two days ago here in Brazil, we were shocked when we spent time with some children living in the streets. One child told us: 'I wish I was rich and if I were, I would give all the street children food, clothes, medicine, shelter and love and affection,' If a child on the street who has nothing is willing to share, why are we who have everything so greedy?
"I can't stop thinking that these children are my age; that it makes a tremendous difference where you are born; that I could be one of these children living in the favellas of Rio. I could be a child starving in Somalia, a victim of war in the Middle East or a beggar in India. I'm only a child, yet I know if all the money spent on war was spent on ending poverty and finding environmental answers, what a wonderful place this would be.
"At school, even in kindergarten, you teach us to behave in the world. You teach us not to fight with others, to work things out, to respect others, to clean up our mess, not to hurt other creatures, to share and not be greedy. Then why do you go out and do the things you tell us not to do?
"My dad always says 'you are what you do, not what you say.' You grown-ups say you love us, but what you do makes me cry at night. Parents should be able to comfort their children by saying 'everything's going to be all right,' 'It's not the end of the world'and 'We are doing the best we can. ' But I don't think you can say that to us anymore. I challenge you, please make your actions reflect your words. I question you: Are we even on your list of priorities?"

It sometimes takes a child to point out the obvious. U. S. Senator Al Gore said Severn's speech was the best one given at the Earth Summit and as a proud father, I have to agree. I hope some people heard.

Notes: David Suzuki is a writer, TV and radio host and a world-renowned geneticist. He is also a leading spokesperson on social and environmental issues.