主动语态变被动语态


1.主动语态变为被动语态，主语变为介系词by的宾语，宾语变为主语，人称代名词的格也要变化。

Peter, I heard he was hit by you. (被)

Peter, I heard you hit him. (主)

彼得，我听说你打了他。

I hit him.(主)

He was hit by me. (被)

我打了他。

2.主动语态变为被动语态，句子的时态保持不变。

I will give him a pen.(主)

He will be given a pen by me.(被)

我将给他一支笔。

3.一些与格动词的被动语态有两种形式;另一些与格动词如：write, make, bring等的被动语态则只能以直接宾语作主语。

A toy was given to Tom by me. (被)

Tom was given a toy by me. (被)

I will give Tom a toy. (主)

我给汤姆一个玩具。

Tom gave me a pen.(主)

A pen was given to me by Tom.(被)

I was given a pen by Tom.(被)

汤姆给我一枝笔。

A big cake was brought to me by you. (被)

You brought me a big cake. (主)

你带给我一个大蛋糕。

She wrote me a letter.(主)

A letter was written to me by her.(被)

她给我写了一封信。

write当述语动词，在此只能用直接宾语letter当被动语态的主语。

4.在感官动词或使役动词后作补语的原形动词，在被动语态中用不定词。

You were heard to talk with Peter. (被)

I heard you talk with Peter. (主)

我听到你和彼得谈话。

I saw her come out of the classroom.(主)

She was seen to come out of the classroom by me.(被)

我看见她出了教室。

5.主动语态中如用people, somebody等作主语，被动语态中可省略宾语。

People eat watermelons in the summer.(主)

Watermelons are eaten in the summer.(被)

在夏天吃西瓜。

6.否定句的被动语态中，not放在第一个助动词后。

I should not be blamed by you. (被)

You should not blame me. (主)

你不应该责怪我。

You should not write this letter.(主)

This letter should not be written by you.(被)

你不应该写这封信。

7.疑问句的被动语态中，用BE的对应形式代替DO。

Does she drive this car?(主)

Is this car driven by her?(被)

她开这辆车吗?

What shall we do next?(主)

What will be done by us next?(被)

我们下一步做什么?

8.祈使句的被动语态形式为：let+宾语+be+过去分词。

Open the door please.(主)

Let the door be opened please.(被)

请开门。

9.主动语态中有复合人称代名词时，被动语态的形式为:主动语态的主语+BE+过去分词。

Tom was hurt. (被)

Tom hurt himself. (主)

汤姆自己受的伤。