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Lesson 3

Part 1

access n. 1.进入

The only access to the farm house is across the rice fields.

2.接近

Only high officials had access to the emperor.

beckon v. 招手或点头示意

The guide for visitors beckoned us to follow him.

concur v. 1.同意；意见一致

I concur with the speaker in condemning every criminal.

2.同时发生

This summer two weeks of rain concurred with our vacation.

denounce v. 当众指责

He was denounced as a coward and traitor.

fray v. 1.争吵；斗争

The first blow makes the anger, but the second makes the fray.

2.磨损；磨破

Long wear had frayed the collar and cuffs of his old shirts.

hamper v. 阻碍

Heavy clothing hampered the movements of the climbers.

malady n. 疾病

Cancer and tuberculosis are serious maladies in every country.

plod v. 缓步或重步在……走

The old man was plodding wearily along the bank of the river.

remnant n. 残余；遗物

Since the factory moved, this town has only a remnant of its former population.

snore n. 发鼾声

The child with a cold in his nose snored all night.

tinge v. 微染；染以清淡之颜色

Blood tinged the water as he washed his wound.

Part 2

ailment n. 疾病

It was necessary for them to have remedies for their ailments.

bicker v. 争吵；争论

The children are bickering with each other about who is the tallest among them.

contrive v. 发明；设计

The inventor contrived a new kind of engine with fewer moving parts.

dazzle v. 以强光使目眩

The bright light of the motor car on the dark country road dazzled my eyes.

fumble v. 摸索；搜寻

She fumbled about in her handbag for a pen to write a memorandum.

impair v. 损害

Poor food and hard work impaired her health and she became thin.

mortify v. 使感到羞辱；使蒙屈辱

The parents were mortified by their children’s bad behavior before the guests.

predominant adj. 主要的；有势力的

The United States became the predominant nation in the Western Hemisphere.

sanitary adj. 卫生的

He worked to improve the sanitary conditions of slums.

wallet n. 皮包；皮夹

He always keeps a lot of money in his wallet.

warrant n. 正当的理由；权利

Do you consider the wild behavior of the crowd was enough of a warrant for the police to use force?

Part 3

allocate v. 拨出；留下

The ford foundation allocated millions of dollars for cancer research.

brawl n. 争吵；打架

The brawl in the street could be heard in the house nearby.

cynical adj. 怀疑人生之价值的；讥讽的

The boys made several cynical remarks to cover up their disappointment at being left out of the play.

embellish v. 装饰；布置

She embellished the simple dress with colorful laces and ribbons.

gallant adj. 英勇的

The defense of the Alamo was a heroic action of gallant men.

immerse v. 浸入

He immersed his aching feet in a bucket of cold water.

ostentatious adj. 夸张的；虚饰的

He rode his new bicycle up and down in front of our house in an ostentatious way .

presentiment n. 预感；预觉

Soapy followed the man with a presentiment that luck would again run against him.

satiate v. 使饱；使满足

She was so satiated with bananas that she would not even look at one.

undulate v. 波动；起伏；震动

The field of wheat was undulating in the breeze.

Part 4

apparel n. 衣服；装饰

A shop selling woman’s apparel is at the corner of the street.

cajole v. 以甜言蜜语诱惑

He cajoled his friends into deciding in his favor.

discard v. 抛弃

You can discard your old coat but not your old friends.

effete adj. 疲惫的；枯竭的

During the middle ages, Greek civilization declined and became effete.

grudge n. 怨恨

She has had a grudge against me ever since I disagreed with her.

kidnap v. 绑架；勒索

Four men kidnapped the little girl, but he police soon caught them and rescued the girl.

pact n. 协定；公约

There is some hope that a peace pact will be signed between the two countries.

pry v. 细查；探问

she pries too closely into the private life of her friends.

scour v. 1.搜索

Men scoured the whole country looking for the lost child.

2.磨亮；擦净

The servant scoured the frying pan until it shone like silver.

swagger v. 高视阔步而行

He swaggered down the street after winning the fight.

vagary n. 奇异的幻想；妄想

The building of this house in the shape of the temple was a rich man’s vagary.

Part 5

asset n. 有价值或有用的东西

Ability to get along with people is an asset in business.

chasm n. 深坑或裂缝；利害冲突

There was a deep political chasm between the two countries which nearly led to a war.

despoil v. 夺取；抢劫

The cities of Greece and Asia were despoiled of their most valuable ornaments.

facetious adj. 好开玩笑的

I became angry with the little boy at his facetious remarks.

hurtle v. 碰撞；冲击

The wing of the airplane came off and the machine hurtled to the ground.

larceny n. 窃盗；窃盗罪

He wanted to be accused of larceny, because he felt comfortable in prison .

pervade v. 遍布；弥漫

He worked so hard that the weariness pervaded his whole body.

recant v. 公然撤回或取消

Though he was tortured to make him change his religion the prisoner would not recant.

shambles n. 混乱；迷惑

He left his affairs in a complete shambles when he died.

taboo n. 禁忌；禁止

Eating human flesh is a taboo in civilized countries.

trappings n. 马的装饰物；装饰

He wore all the trappings of high office.