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经济·economy （3）
157.stagflation ：滞胀
A term that combines inflation and stagnation. A condition when inflation and high unemployment occurring together.
“通胀”和”停滞”结合而成的术语，指通货膨胀与高失业率并存的局面。
Stagflation is a very unpopular buzz word in the business world.
滞胀是商界不受欢迎的时髦词语。 19
158.stock exchange ：股票交易所
A market where securities are traded, such as the New York Stock Exchange.
进行证券交易的市场，如纽约股票交易所。
My friends works at the New York Stock Exchange.
我的朋友在纽约股票交易所工作。
159.stock market ：（1）股市；（2）股市行情
A market in which stocks are bought and sold.
股票买卖的地方。
The general condition of the sale of securities in a corporation.
一家公司的证券销售情况。
The Wall Street Journal gives a daily report of the stock market.
《华尔街日报》每天报告股市行情。
160.supply and demand ：供需
A basic economic law stating that as the price of a good increase, suppliers will be willing to produce more but consumers will demand less, so that price and quantity are both interrelated.
一条经济基本法则，即商品价格上涨时，生产商愿意扩大生产，但消费者的需求下降，这样价格和数量相互制约。
All products must follow the laws of supply and demand.
所有的产品都必须遵守供求法则。
161.surplus ：过剩
A situation in which the supply of goods exceeds the demand, esp. at a given price.
特别是以一定价格销售的商品的供应超过需求的状况。
Smart consumers try to purchase items that are in surplus in order to get more for the same money.
精明的消费者在商品过剩时购买，以便用同样的钱购买更多的商品。
162.tax shelter ： 减免所得税
An investment in certain business, activities, etc. that legally entitles the investor to avoid, reduce, or defer income taxes.
在某些行业、活动等方面的投资，投资者合法地享受减、免或缓交所得税。
Some business use tax shelters in an effort to reduce or defer their income tax.
一些公司采取合法减免所得税的手段来减少或迟交所得税。
163.tech angst ： 技术顾虑
(A combination of “technological” and “anxiety”.) The fear of automation among consumers.
“technological”（技术的）和 “anxiety”（担心）的合成词。顾客对自动化产生的担心。
The tech angst of many people makes them reluctant to put their trust in automated teller machines.
许多人有技术顾虑，因而不愿使用自动提款机。
164.technological monopoly ： 技术垄断
A condition in which a company has exclusive rights to a patented product or process.
一公司对专利产品或制作方法享有专属权的状况。
AT & T has a technological monopoly over a number of products and processes in the communications world.
在通讯领域中，美国电话电报公司在一些产品和方法享有技术垄断。
165.trade barriers ： 贸易壁垒
Tariffs, quotas, and other regulations used by one country to discourage the importation of certain goods.
一个国家为阻碍某些产品的进口所采用的关税、配额和其他规定。
The U.S. is poised to eliminate trade barriers with Mexico and other neighboring countries.
美国准备减少同墨西哥及其他邻近国家的贸易壁垒。
166.trade deficit ： 贸易赤字 20
An imbalance in which a nation’s imports exceed its exports.
一国进口超过其出口的不平衡状况。
No nation wants to run a continuous trade deficit with other countries.
没有一个国家愿意自己同他国的贸易处于持续的赤字状态。
167.trade imbalance ： 贸易不平衡
A condition in which a nation’s exports and imports and imports are not equal.
一国的出口和进口不持平的状况。
The subject of trade imbalance is an ongoing debate between the U.S. and Japan.
贸易不平衡是美日两国间长期争论的话题。
168.trickle-down economics ： 滴入式经济学
A theory that government financial incentives to big business will eventually benefit smaller businesses and general public.
一种经济理论，认为政府对大企业的财政补贴最终使小企业和大众受益。
President Bill Clinton dose not believe that trickle-down economics works for the benefit of the nation.
克林顿总统不相信滴入式经济学有益于国家。
169.trust ： 托拉斯
Several companies acting together to control production, pricing, and distribution of a product.
几家公司联合行动以控制一种新产品的生产、定价和销售。
The government has anti=trust laws that regulate against companies forming trusts in order to control product prices and distribution.
政府有反托拉斯法，反对公司组成意在控制产品价格和销售的托拉斯。
170.upward mobility ： 往上晋升
The movement of an individual to ever higher levels of responsibility in a company.
一个人在公司里上升到承担相应责任的较高职位。
It was no surprise to the other workers that the boss’s nephew enjoined such a great degree of upward mobility.
老板的侄子往上晋升如此之快，其他工人并不感意外。
171.white knight ： 公司的救星
A business that prevents a hostile takeover of another company by offering better terms.
一公司通过提出更优厚的条件来阻止另一公司被他人敌意兼并。
One of our affiliates acted as a white knight on our behalf and saved us from being the victims of a hostile takeover.
我们的一家分公司充当了我们公司的救星，使我们免遭敌意兼并。
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